Author: S. Sumithra

Abstract: This paper explores the intricate human animal relationships and kinship depicted in “Kari the Elephant” by Mukerji, focusing on the profound bond between a young Indian boy and Kari, a five month old elephant. The narrative illustrates how Kari is treated as a family member, emphasizing the emotional connection and mutual care that defines their relationship. Drawing on theories from scholars like Harriet Ritvo and Eric Fudge, the paper argues that Kari embodies moral agency and individuality, challenging traditional views of animals as mere objects. The setting of the Indian jungle serves as an active participant in this bond, highlighting the interconnectedness of humans, animals, and nature. The boy’s interactions with Kari and other animals, such as the snake, crocodile and monkey, further illustrate themes of respect, coexistence and ecological balance. Through these relationships, Mukerji presents a vision of harmony with nature, where both human and animal exist in a shared, interdependent world. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of recognizing the emotional and ethical dimensions of human-animal relationships in literature.

Keywords: Jungle, Human animal bond, Kinship, Ecological Harmony, Companion Species.

Article Info: Received: 03 May 2025; Received in revised form: 29 May 2025; Accepted: 03 Jun 2025; Available online: 07 Jun 2025

DOI: 10.22161/ijels.103.75