Author(s): Deepshikha Routray, Ph.D

Abstract: The Mahabharata, an epic that continues to captivate audiences across generations, presents a rich tapestry of characters and themes that transcend time and space and impact culture even today, centuries after it was written. Draupadi, the central character, stands out as a complex and enigmatic figure whose portrayal has evolved over centuries of retelling. From her birth to 'swayamvara' (self-choice to marry) to her eventual fate, Draupadi's life reflects timeless themes of strength and resilience. Draupadi's character embodies complexities that resonate with contemporary discourses on gender, power, and agency, especially in the Indian subcontinent. She defies limitations in her quest for justice and empowerment and has fuelled the imagination of many writers for years. This paper will explore the portrayal of Draupadi across various retellings and interpretations, particularly drawing from Devdutt Pattanaik's comprehensive narrative in Jaya. Pattanaik’s Jaya bridges ancient mythology and modern interpretation, offering readers a fresh perspective on the Mahabharata’s relevance to contemporary life. This paper uses feminist theories to analyse and re-locate Draupadi in the modern Indian imagination shaped by the cultural dynamics or politics of the doctrines of Hinduism

Keywords: Mythology, Draupadi, cultural dynamics, Dharma, feminism, agency

Article Info: Received: 28 Apr 2026; Received in revised form: 24 May 2026; Accepted: 27 May 2026; Available online: 30 May 2026

DOI: 10.22161/ijels.113.39