Author(s): Ms. Rinku, Dr. Sudhir Malik

Abstract: The privatization of drinking water in rural areas has emerged as a significant trend, particularly in Hisar district, Haryana, where gaps in public water supply have led to the proliferation of private enterprises. This study examines the share, emergence and growth of privatized drinking water services in the district, highlighting the factors driving this shift. The research findings indicate that 51 private water enterprises are currently operational, employing 170 individuals and catering to the growing demand for purified drinking water. While privatization has improved access to safe water in several villages, it has also raised concerns regarding affordability, sustainability and equity, particularly for economically disadvantaged groups. The study identifies market-driven factors, such as consumer awareness, urbanization and deficiencies in public water systems, as key contributors to the rise of private water enterprises. However, the lack of strong regulatory oversight has resulted in challenges such as over-extraction of groundwater, increased costs and social disparities in access. Analysis of survey responses reveals that while a majority of respondents recognize the role of private enterprises in improving water quality, a significant proportion express concerns over rising costs and unequal access. The study concludes that a balanced approach integrating public water infrastructure with regulated private sector involvement is essential for ensuring sustainable and equitable water access in rural Hisar. Strengthening regulatory frameworks, promoting public-private partnerships and enhancing public water supply infrastructure are recommended to address these challenges effectively.

Keywords: Privatization, Drinking Water, Rural Areas, Hisar District, Marketization, Public Water Supply, Water Accessibility, Sustainability, Socioeconomic Disparities, Public-Private Partnerships.

Article Info: Received: 11 Sep 2024; Received in revised form: 08 Oct 2024; Accepted: 12 Oct 2024; Available online: 20 Oct 2024

DOI: 10.22161/ijels.95.50