Author(s): Haaniya Irfan

Abstract: D. H. Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers (1913) is frequently read as a novel about human psychology, sexuality, and relationships. Yet, an equally vital aspect of the text is its ecological dimension. Writing during the industrial transformation of Nottinghamshire, Lawrence positioned nature as a force of healing and spiritual vitality, in stark contrast to the grim, dehumanizing landscapes of coal mines and factories. This paper reinterprets Sons and Lovers through the Eco critical frameworks of Greg Garrard and Timothy Morton. Garrard’s concepts of “pastoral” and “pollution” illuminate Lawrence’s portrayal of nature as refuge and industry as decay, while Morton’s critique of “nature” as an aestheticized, cultural construct complicates Lawrence’s idealization of the countryside. By close reading Lawrence’s descriptions of flowers, landscapes, and industrial spaces, this study demonstrates how the novel articulates both an ecological protest against industrial capitalism and a deeply ambivalent, culturally mediated vision of “nature.” Ultimately, Lawrence’s ecological imagination anticipates contemporary concerns with climate crisis, urban alienation, and the psychological need for ecological belonging.

Keywords: D. H. Lawrence, Greg Garrard, Industrialization, Nature, Religion, Timothy Morton

Article Info: Received: 20 Aug 2025; Received in revised form: 18 Sep 2025; Accepted: 23 Sep 2025; Available online: 26 Sep 2025

DOI: 10.22161/ijels.105.29