A Critical Perspective on the Concept of Literature in Contemporary Times

— The main and basic purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the function of literature in contemporary times, when the mirror of truth is broken into a thousand pieces and human society is more involved than ever. They create new difficulties and fight over them, and in the meantime, people are the victims. Therefore, with its systematic activities, literature overcomes these fences drawn in front of human society with artistic language. The fact that today's human society is falling into misery with each passing day, without a doubt, one of the reasons is that human society is far from literature. This is because in most societies, especially in the third world societies, reductionist positions have been adopted towards literature, and these positions are another step towards damage and nigritude. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytical and based on library studies. In this research, while philosophically examining the place of literature in modern times, we will also briefly mention some writers who have turned the unsaid of today's people into words through poetry and literature. The findings showed that, in the epoch of the collapse of meaning and fencing between people in human society, literature is the only one that gives us the possibility of considering ourselves as members of each other everywhere in this world. It is through literature that today's people understand and recognize one another, despite their differences based on faith, religion, geography, gender, etc. Therefore, literature in our time is the real defender of the common phenomena among humans.


I. INTRODUCTION
Today, more than ever, the position of literature is unreasonable.In the days of running and running and not reaching any destination, in the days of anger and violence as we see the death of humanity and read that a mother killed her child, a child killed his father, and a brother killed his brother, the place of literature is more disturbed than before.The mission of literature is to show the current realities of people's lives; a mission to reform and improve human life, highlighting the colorful lines of this excellence.This mission must be brought to life because today's humanity needs to be benefited more than ever.It is not possible to limit literature to the past and consider its function and effectiveness as finished, because the mood and soul of man, his inner sufferings and hidden conflicts are the same as they have been for thousands of years.If we do not even accept that the human spirit is more towards destruction than exaltation, it must be admitted that human characteristics are the same as they have been for centuries.Although in those days human traveled on four legs and today with the most advanced four wheels, his inner moods and tempers have not changed.The shape of our lives may change, but jealousy, anger, enthusiasm and many turbulences have made us a set of contradictory moods.The conditions of this modern life, full of new technology, have made people more desperate, greedy and tempted than ever before, and have made hearts further apart.
By reading literature, we have the opportunity to live many times and we live in the form of many people, IJELS-2024, 9(2), (ISSN: 2456-7620) (Int.J of Eng.Lit. and Soc.Sci.) https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.92. 5 19 places and times, and literature decorates our words.Literature brings us from those boring monotonous words of daily speech to the most pleasant and calm and expressive words.Rich words expand our minds, and the world is safe from war and conflict with open minds."A world without literature and the people who neither read poetry nor novels will create a dry and depressed society, and meaningless words as snoring and monkey-like expressions will take the place of words.(Mario Vargas Llosa, 1965: 32).
Maxim Gorky, a Russian and Soviet writer and socialist calls literature the heart of poetry.A heart that beats all the joys and sorrows of the world, the dreams and hopes of man, his despairs and angers and his feelings against nature and his fear against its mysteries.Gorky sees reading books and literature as finding a way through the turbulent and colorful chaos of ideas, feelings, and events to knowledge and peace.Simon de Beauvoir, French philosopher and writer considers literature an activity, which is done by humans to reveal the world before them.Literature transcends other forms of communication and allows human beings to communicate in what separates them.(Collier, 1999: 112).Additionally, Marcel Proust (1930) considers literature to be a place of intersection of minds, a place of intersection of conscience and minds, and believes that only literature can give the right to this absolute presence of the moment the right to eternity.Moreover, J. Hillis Miller (1990), in his book On Literature states that technological developments, and the spread of new media marks the gradual death of literature.He says that the new media of radio, cinema, television, and the Internet, whether we like it or not, have assumed the role of literature; however, literature and literary works are still universal.The literary work of creation and discovery is a meta-reality and a certain higher world.According to Miller (1990), "A solid reason to read literature is that it is still one of the fastest ways to become cultural, whether good or bad, breaking into one's own culture and belonging to it.We must read literature because literature offers pleasure that is socially and culturally useful, and because literature has an open influence and illustrative reputation."(Miller, 1990: 138).
Consequently, today, art is clearly literature, which takes us away from its world and into a distant period.In other words, literature has the power to transport readers to faraway places by vividly describing landscapes, cultures and characters.Through words, authors create immersive worlds that engage readers' imaginations, allowing them to experience distant locales and diverse perspectives without leaving their own surroundings.Reading provides a unique form of mental travel, fostering empathy and broadening one's understanding of the world.A vast area for entrusting one's soul to virtual reality because man is interested in dwelling in imaginary worlds, and the soul needs this exciting residence to get rid of the current tension of life.(Lamarck, 2019: 41).

II. PROBLEM STATEMENT
As it is evident, in recent years, the evaluation of literature has become popular in the contemporary era, and many researchers are trying to analyze the function of literature in the contemporary era from different perspectives.They examine different and hidden functional layers of literature in today's chaotic times.Nevertheless, we still see that the study and analysis of the hidden layers of the function of literature in our time have not been paid much attention in third world societies, especially in Afghanistan.This has caused the attention to the hidden layers of the functions of literature to be neglected in our time, and the role of literature in reflecting culture, history, myth, and society is shown weakly.
As the evidences show, such negligence has caused many problems in the way of literature in our time.People's inattention to reading and experiencing literary works, marginalization of literature in cultural and social relations, politicization and excessive valuing of religion have caused art and literature to be sidelined in third world societies.In other words, excessive emphasis on religion in third-world societies can potentially lead to the sidelining of art and literature.When a society places paramount importance on religious beliefs, other aspects of culture, such as art and literature, may be overshadowed or restricted.Artistic expression and diverse literary perspectives might be constrained to align with specific religious norms, limiting creativity and cultural exploration.Additionally, resources and attention may be disproportionately allocated to religious activities, leaving less support for the development and promotion of art and literature.Considering this, our main goal in this research is to examine and analyze the function of literature in our time, to renew our way of looking at literature.

III. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The aim of this research is to answer the following main and sub questions:

IV. LITERATURE REVIEW
So far, independent and non-independent investigations have been carried out about what role literature plays in our lives.Among the useful and important books and articles that have been written or translated about literature, we can include Mario Vargas Llosa (2015) titled "Why Literature?", J. Hillis Miller (2014) titled "About Literature", Jean-Paul Sartre (1999) titled "What is Literature?", Atlas Asna Ashari (2016) titled "What is Literature in Our Times" and Anthony Gindens (1990) titled "Consequences of Modernity".Moreover, in "The Function of Criticism at the Present Time" (1864), Matthew Arnold argues that literature plays a crucial role in shaping the moral and intellectual fabric of society.He contends that literature offers insights into the human condition and acts as a moral guide, fostering introspection and cultural evolution.Additionally, in "The Interpretation of Cultures" (1973), Clifford Geertz explores the role of literature as a cultural text.He asserts that literature serves as a tool for understanding and interpreting different cultural systems, allowing readers to engage with diverse perspectives and worldviews.
In "The Pleasure of the Text" (1973), Roland Barthes delves into the function of literature as a source of aesthetic pleasure and sensory experience.He emphasizes the importance of the reader's engagement with the text, highlighting that literature serves as a medium for individual and collective enjoyment.Meanwhile, in "The Uses of Enchantment: The Meaning and Importance of Fairy Tales" (1976), Bruno Bettelheim discusses how literature, specifically fairy tales, aids in the psychological development of children.He argues that literary narratives help children navigate complex emotions, fears, and challenges, facilitating their emotional growth and understanding of the world.Furthermore, in "The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time" (1944), Karl Polanyi examines the role of literature and art in reflecting and critiquing societal upheavals.He suggests that literature plays a vital role in documenting historical transitions, societal tensions, and the impact of economic and political transformations on individuals and communities.Likewise, in "The Republic" (380 BCE), Plato explores the role of literature in shaping the ethical and moral values of a society.He raises concerns about literature's potential to corrupt the minds of individuals through the portrayal of immoral characters or actions.Plato advocates for censorship and control over literature to ensure its positive impact on society.Subsequently, in "The Death of the Author" (1967), Roland Barthes challenges the traditional notion of authorship and argues for a reader-centered interpretation of literature.He posits that literature's function lies in the act of reading and that readers actively shape the meaning and significance of texts through their own experiences, freeing literature from the constraints of authorial intent.These scholarly perspectives offer a deeper understanding of the multifaceted functions of literature in modern times.It's important to note that this literature review is not exhaustive and merely represents a selection of viewpoints from prominent scholars.

V. METHODOLOGY
All works and writings that have artistic value can be read in the realm of literature.Therefore, in writing this research work, our focus is more on the written works.Since this research is a secondary or library research, we used various books of literary, criticism, articles, creative works and translations as first and second hand sources.To research in the field of literature, the literary works of different nations are usually analyzed and studied comparatively.Therefore, the research method in this paper is descriptive-analytical.To achieve this goal, the method of collecting information based on library studies and internet sites has been used.
In other words, the descriptive-analytical method in writing a library-based research paper involves a combination of describing the existing literature and analyzing it to draw meaningful conclusion.Thus, the researchers in this paper have tried to firstly describe almost all the existing works of various authors about the role and function of literature in modern time.After the description, the next step typically involves analyzing the information gathered.This analysis aims to identify patterns, trends, gaps, and relationships within the literature.Researchers in this study categorized and compared findings, assessed the strengths and limitations of existing studies, and explored any inconsistencies or contradictions.Once the analysis is complete, researchers drew conclusions based on the synthesized information.This involved highlighting key themes, proposing hypotheses, and formulating research questions that guided the subsequent stages of the research.In summary, after describing the existing literature, the focus shifts to analyzing and synthesizing the information to gain deeper insights and inform the development of the research framework.

VI. THE FUNCTION OF LITERATURE IN CONTEMPORARY TIME
We must remember Nietzsche's saying that "we have art in order not to die of truth".The authors in this paper believe that a society in which art, especially literature, is pushed into a dark and unknown corner of the social and private life, and becomes a more abstract and intangible isolationist view, that society is condemned to ignorance and brutality; which even harms its own nature terribly.According to the abovementioned Nietzsche's speech, we can realize that literature is not a kind of imaginary, luxurious and illusory pastime; rather, it is one of the most basic and important and at the same time the most significant activities in human life.It is literature that makes life more bearable and meaningful for humans, and it is an activity for the systematization of citizenship in a modern and free society.Therefore, literature creates a society composed of informed and free citizens.It is evident to everyone that we are living in the era of specialization, and at the same time, systematization of human knowledge, and this is due to the amazing scientific and technological revolution, and nowadays, human knowledge is becoming more specialized and divided into countless smaller subsets.The authors believe that these scientific events will accelerate in the coming years, and undoubtedly, the methodicalization of knowledge has and will have its special importance in human life.
Perhaps these ideas that lead to the division of knowledge into smaller and more specialized families will offer an easier path for mankind, and this is actually connected as a single whole, and is the driving factor for the progress of humanity; however, the authors in this paper believe that this dramatic and ever-increasing leap may have heartbreaking and terrible consequences.This is because this specialization, in itself, causes a very strong damage to common phenomena among humans.It may not be far from reality to say that these specializations hide the possibility of coexistence and the sense of connection and understanding in a terrible way because this division of knowledge somehow leads to division and demarcation between people.
In other words, this fencing of knowledge is exactly the same as we think about the foliage of trees, forgetting that this foliage is dependent to the tree; or, on the contrary, we become so engrossed to the tree that we forget that the tree itself is a piece separated from the forest.In fact, the awareness of the forest itself expresses the feeling of generalities and belonging to everyone and connects everything as a woven piece, and this bond prevents the dispersion of the bonded threads from the woven piece.This separation from the woven threads, which we now call group, nation, tribe geography, etc., causes self-contemplation, and this separation from the origin causes the distortion of facts, which itself is a source of disgust, hatred, war and burning people.Therefore, in this situation, literature is the only thing that teaches people the lesson of unification and mutual acceptance.Great literary works are universal categories that describe relevant general facts and therefore readers do not need to know a specific language or special knowledge.It is literature that embodies common human experiences, and reading it awakens a sense of self-identity in us.Literature conveys transcendental and universal experience to the reader.This is literature that allows every member of a society with all their individual characteristics, regardless of religion, ethnicity, nationality, gender and viewpoints, to go beyond history.
As readers of Rumi, Hafez, Saadi, Ferdowsi, Cervantes, Shakespeare, Goethe, Dante, Tolstoy, etc., we understand each other in the vast expanse of space and time, and we find ourselves members of the body of the same famous poem of Saadi who said " Humans are members of each other".This is because in the works of these authors, we learn and take things that other people have learned and taken, and this is what we have in common, despite the wide range of differences that currently separate human beings.To keep modern man safe from stupidity, bigotry, racism, religious and political division and monopolistic nationalism, nothing is more effective than this truth revealed in great literary works.Men, women, children, white, black, and dozens of things that have fenced between humanity today, are all equal in great literary works, and it is only injustice that sows the seeds of discrimination, fear, and exploitation among them.(Gas Yosa, 2006: 14).
Nothing teaches us better than literature to consider ethnic, racial, cultural and geographical differences as a sign of the richness of human heritage, and to cherish these differences, which are the manifestation of the multifaceted creative power of man.A study of literature is undoubtedly enjoyable, and without a doubt, it has its usefulness in a greater way as well.It is literature that teaches us what we are and how should we be, despite our human unity, our flaws, our actions, our dreams, our illusions, and the silence of our conscience.The authors of this article wish that these poets and writers never stop creating, because they are the ones who help us walk the steps of knowing this infinite and unique world.
Art, especially literature, teaches us to love our fellow man.German poet Hans says: "I think that art and people grow together, and they reach a noble position; therefore, literature cultivates in us the ability to believe and fall in love, and it is the true defender of common IJELS-2024, 9(2), (ISSN: 2456-7620) (Int.J of Eng.Lit. and Soc.Sci.) https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.92. 5 22 phenomena among humans".If we listen to the call of literature from the very beginning, we can smile at life and take more humanitarian steps.Literature means having a firm faith in being human, having a firm faith in the great human culture.Literature is a courageous call to rationality in life, and an unyielding attachment, and love between people.Today, with literature, we can escape from the fate that is destined to befall us and move towards deeper meanings.
Therefore, literature is considered one of the decisive institutions of growth and progress in human life.Through literature, one can establish an ideal life and society.In today's world, the only thing that leads us to the knowledge of our human nature lies in literature.This unifying and generalizing attitude is not found in philosophy, nor in history, and certainly not in social sciences.Among the sciences, the most important ones that can teach people the real life, are the philosophy of ethics and history; however, both have shortcomings.Due to its theoretical nature, philosophy only proposes some abstract rules, and due to its inflexibility, it is not very effective, and history, although it is concrete and alive, it has a narrow field; it only describes the events and does not show the requirements because it is not able to create events and conditions that can be a model and a lesson for humans.Literature and art are the only ones that can compensate for the shortcomings of philosophy and history and retain the beneficial aspects of these two sciences.In addition, history must tell the facts, and narrate events that can be corrupt; nevertheless, the artist creates the events himself, and art always has the possibility to encourage the worthy and punish the unworthy.Thus, literature is more informative than philosophy and history.
For a long time, social sciences have also bowed to the division and fragmentation of knowledge, and have become more and more isolated, whose discourses are far from the reach of ordinary men and women.So, it is obvious that literature can deal with the higher issue, that is, the moral and spiritual influence in the process of real life.This is literature, which teaches us to free ourselves from our old way of thinking and get away from stooping, pessimism, individualism, prejudices, etc.Additionally, Literature deals with the unreached fields of human and describes the domain where logic and figures have no place.Literature is actually a report, of all the phenomena around us, a special and stylized report.That is, it can never be said that literature is harmful, inconsistent and alien in today's human life We should know those who write in the field of literature, but are afraid of real life and try to hide under the veil of pompous words or, on the contrary, among ridiculous and absurd words.Every good reader and goodnatured person knows well that literature has a deep and unbreakable connection with life.We should not confuse literature with the press and propaganda that is thrown at the feet of every fool, and this mistake is very terrible and explosive.Today, that poet and writer who can express complex and valuable social thoughts with such simplicity and power that they reach the hearts of millions of people is very glorious.A poet and writer who has a relatively simple and basic content in the hearts of millions of people is also glorious, and his/her fate is tied to genuine feelings and real literature.It is the original art that reveals the toxicity of the nectar and cracks the oyster hard to reveal the pearl inside.(Miller, 2005: 56).
Today, literature is the soul of the world, the soul of all the phenomena surrounding us.It is an attempt to provide a comprehensive combination of ethics in human life, and today's humanity is infinitely indebted to literature.Happiness and well-being is the first word of literature; therefore, literature is an attempt to appease the most common facts related to the human world.It is literature that reveals the realities in human life.Literature or the art of speech, is different from other arts due to its importancegiving to thought.Human being can fully understand the truth only through a kind of verbal union with reality.Linguistic formulations in the best conditions provide us with more or less inverted views.Literature is like the role of a therapist; its task is to remove the conceptual barriers that we are caught in life.
It is in the geography of literature that the sea laughs with you, the waterfall shares grief with you, the birds mourn with you, the sunset gets angry, the moonlight cheers you up, the cloud cries with you, the flower smiles and the trees think.That is, it is literature that makes life meaningful for us, invites us to life, struggle, philanthropy, pleasure-seeking, usefulness, etc.Therefore, literature is a special redefinition of all common phenomena among humans.A person who gets angry and creates hatred in the field of literature should be different from someone who writes passionately for people.A person who engages in class distortion and disgust in the field of literature, his/her works are associated with bad intentions, and therefore, his/her views will not be higher than his/her personal purpose like a cloud above the earth.Literature is a vast geography, which generally covers the cultures of the whole world.Thus, Literature is and will be a very important and a valuable solution in human life.Literature teaches us how to be aware of the bloody events, tearful shows, sorrow and lamentation, helplessness, cries of despair and anger, confusion, speculation, heartbreaking storms, etc. in human life.That  Today, a number of literary specialists and literary critics go as far as to turn literature into a kind of science; however, this is like punching in the dark that will lead nowhere, and so it is definitely a false and impossible idea.This is because today, there is no story or poem that introduces only a single range of human experiences.The existential essence of literature is to enrich the whole human life, and we cannot tear this life to pieces, or reduce it to a set of plans and general formulas.This is the meaning of the words of Proust who said "true life, which is finally revealed in light, and the only life that is fully lived, is literature".Proust was not exaggerating, and these words were not just the result of his love for his work.He proposes that life is better known and better lived in the light of literature; And also that if life is to be lived fully, it must be shared with others, which is only possible in the field of literature, and that's it.The only purpose of literature is nothing but to make people live better; therefore, the ultimate function of literature is to improve and evolve a person.The forgetfulness of man, the worst miseries of creatures, the retreats of thought, the losses, the unacquired, the ignorance and the regrets of man can all be portrayed through literature.This is where literature represents the hidden corners of life for us and offers us the opportunity to live multiple times and undergo repeated tests.Chekhov says about the writers of all ages: "They open the way to something and pull you towards it, and you feel not only with your mind, but with your whole being that there is a purpose at work.They depict life as it is, but with interwoven lines of interdependence of a purpose".In the literature, we read reports of human sufferings, the tragedy of people, the testimony of so many souls, the explosion of so many thoughts, the testimony of so many lives, but how many times should we experience and how much should we try?Literature is for us not to retrace our steps and not impose sufferings on the human soul, but we should think of a solution so that other generations will be better and more prosperous."(Barth, 2010: 35).
Jorge Francisco Isidoro Luis Borges, Argentine short-story writer was always disturbed by the question, "What is the use of literature?"He considered this question stupid, and in response he said: "No one asks what is the use of a canary song and a beautiful sunset?"If these beautiful things exist, and because of their existence, life becomes even momentarily less ugly and less sad, isn't it shortsighted to seek a practical justification for them?But this question is a good question since novels and poetry are neither the song of a bird nor the sight of the sun setting on the horizon, because novels and literature are neither created by chance nor born of nature.These two are the result of human creation, so it is reasonable to ask how and why they appeared, what is their purpose and why are they so long-lasting and stable (Gasyosa, 2015: 36) Literary art is born as a formless ghost in the author's conscious solitude, and the factor that brings this ghost to his/her awareness is a combination of the author's unconsciousness and his/her sensitivity to the world around him/her.These are the things that the poet or narrator, in his/her struggles with words, gradually gives them physicality, movement, rhythm, harmony and life.This is of course a made-up life, an imaginary life, a life made up of words, yet so many men and women seek this fantasy life; some continuously and some occasionally, and this is because real life lacks something for them, and is unable to offer them what they want.Literature does not emerge with the efforts of a single person; it emerges when others accept it as a part of social life, and then it becomes a shared experience.
The other major importance of literature to be clarified here is that it provides the prolongation of the process of thinking and imagination.That is, a questioning and critical mind in the absence of literature, will suffer seriously.When real life reached a dead end, literature reaches and gives new hope to sad and dissatisfied people.Literature reminds us, unintentionally, that this world is not a satisfactory world that might be improved; however, the dark-minded and the powerful, give people the opposite.Someone who has read "War and Peace" of Tolstoy and "In Search of Lost Time" of Marcel Proust; he/she cannot enter the insignificant borders of the world.Consequently, Literature in contemporary times does not indulge in these extraneous games.

VII. DISCUSSION
A writer is no one's spokesperson, not even the spokesperson of his/her own thoughts; however, freedom may have been shown in his literary works; Justice may have been practiced and love may have been happened.That is, the author writes for everyone and turns monophonic into polyphonic.However, when we talk about life in terms of theoretical ideas and concepts, we cannot make a correct judgment without considering literature and art.It is true that, for example, in the 19th century, the railway train was invented, along with it, Gustave Flaubert, a French novelist, discovered the brutality of modern mankind with his novel "Madame Bovary", which can be boldly said to be the greatest discovery of the century to which modern mankind has been reached.Moreover, besides the revolutionary ideas of Marx, Freud and Darwin, Honoré de Balzac wrote "The Man Who Invented Christmas", which shows the loneliness and heartlessness of man.With this account, many things can be mentioned that have been/are being done by literature for the benefit of people.For example, in the British colonies, literature became a means of education.That is, literature took on the task of making the natives understand the greatness of England and employing them as civilizing contributors.On one hand, literature taught appreciation, excluding personal interests, on the other hand, it created a sense of national greatness; on one hand, it created empathy among different social classes, on the other hand, it was a good substitute for religion.According to the abovementioned statements, if today's humanity can free itself from the trap of propaganda and reach the circle of novel literature, without a doubt, a major part of our serious crises will be solved correctly today.

IJELS
Humanity today is more than ever caught up in war, killing, discrimination, violence, political unrest and class conflicts.Economic, cultural and social crises have in turn aggravated this situation.Russia's military attacks on Ukraine, as well as Hamas's attacks on Israel on October 7, 2023, and Israel's continuous bombing of Palestinian territory, whose victims have reached more than twenty-six thousand people killed, confirm our claim.Hence, it is a very serious necessity that every nation should try to establish peace and reconciliation in the world today.In the meantime, the poets and writers of every nation in the field of art and literature should always try to relieve human sufferings, secure the respect of humans and strive to establish friendship and lasting peace between nations, as well as support the lives and health of humans without considering any kind of discrimination among today's mankind.
Flaubert said that humans eat other humans like other animals, and he believed that the animal nature of humans does not disappear with the advancement of science, technology, and modernity; rather, with the advancement of science, his viciousness may double.Especially, scientific specialization brings separation between people rather than unity.A proverb tells us "don't be so fascinated by the leaves that you forget they are parts of the tree, and don't be so fascinated by the tree that you forget the tree is a part of the forest.Thus, fragmentation is the work of specialization.For literature in this part, the role of savior and unifier has been given.Literature breaks the continuous and direct line of causes and effects of man and leaves him in the freedom of thinking.Literature is incalculable; however, in an animal world, calculation is the principle and the instincts determine behavior.As a result, it is true that some of the characteristics of this world are the struggle for survival, fear of the unknown, and the satisfaction of material needs, other characteristics that must be practiced in this world are the human values, which are fulfilled by art and literature.

VIII. CONCLUSION
With all those being said, we came to this conclusion that literature takes us beyond history, and we become citizens of a timeless land, and with this timelessness the unity of human society becomes immortal.Therefore, a world without literature is an uncivilized world, instinctive and devoid of human emotions.When we look at this world, we see limited and consumptive people who always and everywhere live bound by magic, superstitions and religion from Africa to the Latin American and the third world.The nightmare that has become the source of our suffering and we want to make you aware of it, is not just the result of underdevelopment.That is, as much as clinging to magic and religion marginalizes literature, excessive technological development also distances us from spiritualist literature.In fact, magic, religion and anti-spiritual modernity is a double-edged sword that is harshly drawn on the face of literature.As a result of technology and surrendering to it, we can imagine the future society full of computer monitors and speakers and without books, where books and literary works look strange and antique.We are afraid that this cyber world, despite the prosperity, high level of life and scientific achievements, will offer us a civilization completely devoid of spirituality and soul.It is as dangerous and harmful as clinging to magic and religion, banning all thinking and creativity.
No nation is separate and far from literature, and if it is, it means that society is still living its primitive life.The brotherly bond that literature establishes between people and makes them talk to each other and reminds them of their common origin and common goal, transcends all unstable obstacles.Through the texts that have reached us, literature takes us to the past and connects us with those who enjoyed the past, quested adventures, and had dreams.These texts today allow us to enjoy and nurture our dreams.This shared feeling in human collective experience across space and time is the highest achievement of literature, and nothing is as effective as literature in renewing this feeling for every generation.
Therefore, the spiritual mission of literature is assigned to the chosen ones and special people who are different from others.They think critically, speak wisely, understand people around them, cry out common pains better, and create common understanding for common pains.literature passes us through the heart of rocks, mountains, valleys, hills and heights, in order for us to reach the great sea.When we reached the sea, the way we have traveled is all a definition of a story of passing through difficulties and calamities and reaching the single principle.Thus, literature is life itself, and other possible lives that do not exist so far and become available with literature.If it were not for literature, people would forget freedom and mutual acceptance.

IJELS
The end of our story, and the end of history, is not yet written and not predetermined.What and how we will be in the future depends on our attitude and will.But if we want to get rid of the futility of imagination, self-alienation, drawing boundaries between people, bellicosity, and propaganda of terror, we must take action and read and surrender ourselves to the boundless sea of humanist literature.This is because a society in which art and especially literature is relegated to a dark and unknown corner of a person's social and private life and becomes an isolated and intangible point of view, that society is sentenced to ignorance and illiteracy.