https://ijels.com/Open Access international Journal to publish research paperen-usApril 4 Local colour is a style of writing which focuses on the presentation of the features and peculiarities of a particular locality and its inhabitants. A character is a person in a narrative work such as a drama, novel, play, television, series or film. Characters may be flat, minor, major, or round according to their deeds in the narrative work. The main character in a story is generally known as the protagonist and the character who opposes him or her, is the antagonist. Characters are extremely significant because they are the means through which a reader interacts with a piece of literature. Characterization is the process by which a writer reveals the personality of the characters. Characterization is the most memorable and important aspect of novels. Characters in regional setting tend to be concerned with the character of the district or region rather than with the individual. Characters may become character types, sometimes old-fashioned or stereotypical and are marked by their lifestyle focused on the old ways of living. https://ijels.com/detail/a-critical-study-of-local-characters-in-regional-setting-through-amit-chaudhuri-s-novels/ Dr Vandana Rajput https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/1 IJELS-FEB-2018-12-A Critical Study of Local Characters.pdf Cultural Institutions are elements within a culture or subculture that are perceived to be important to, or traditionally valued among its members for their own identity. Examples of cultural institutions in modern western society are museums, churches, schools, work and the print media. Experts commonly name the following five cultural institutions as needed (at least in some way) in any society in order to survive: education, economic system, government, family, and religion. This paper examines the cultural institutions in Indian society which prevent the growth of the youngsters. The cultural institutions dealt in this paper are family, education and marriage. Parents themselves make choices for their children’s higher education. They fail to consider their children’s interest. They pressurize their children into a crazy race for more marks, a race which has never benefited anyone. The modern trend among people is to make their daughter a doctor, and son an engineer, influenced by the society. https://ijels.com/detail/the-book-and-film-versions-of-chetan-bhagat-s-five-point-someone-a-cultural-study/ Bemi. C. M https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/2 IJELS-FEB-2018-11-The Book and Film Versions.pdf This study aims to: 1) obtain an overview of the Professionalism of Teachers PAK counseling guidance, Parenting patterns and youth members of Church with the Christian character of students 2) to know the significant relationship together between Teacher Professionalism PAK Counseling Guidance, Old and Young Teachers of Church with the Christian character of junior high school students in North Tapanuli District. This research uses quantitative approach with descriptive method of correlation purposive sampling (non random). Data collection is used closed questionnaire with 727 respondents – eight grade students. The results of the study showed that: 1) Teacher Professionalism PAK Counseling Guidance, Parent Pattern and adolescent law of church with Christian characteristic of junior high school students in North Tapanuli Regency in medium category. The results indicate that Teacher Professionalism PAK Counseling Guidance, Parenting Patterns and Teens Christian Guidance with Christian characters students able to improve students' learning motivation and 2) there is a significant relationship between Teacher Professionalism PAK Counseling Guidance, Parent Pattern and Adolescent Development of Church with the Christian character of eight Grade junior high school students in North Tapanuli Regency totally 0,677 and Effective Contribution 67,7%. https://ijels.com/detail/the-relationship-of-professionalism-christian-education-pak-teachers-counseling-guidance-parenting-patterns-teachers-development-with-character-of-junior-high-school-students-of-kabupatern-tapanuli-utara-in-academic-year-2017-2018/ Andar Gunawana Pasaribu https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/3 IJELS-MAR-2018-5-The Relationship of Professionalism Christian.pdf This paper investigates the notion of liberation through insanity in The Story of Zahra by Hanan Al-Shaykh. While many scholars and literary critics have explored domestic violence in literature, and notions of liberation through sexuality in The Story of Zahra by Hanan Al-Shaykh, the impact of domestic violence as a triggering factor in The Story of Zahra by Hanan Al-Shaykh which leads to liberation acted out in the context of madness has not been addressed. In order to investigate these aspects in the novel, this paper draws on the views of post-modern feminist literary criticism. This literary approach is crucial to highlighting the gender inequality.The analytical approach followed in this paper is that of thematic analysis. The paper mainly highlights the recurrent themes of physical violence and insanity. Then, the paper examines the content of the novel to support the argument about the association between insanity and liberation. Thus, three main issues are addressed: Domestic violence types and definitions, feminist theoretical views in relation to patriarchal authority, and notions of insanity in relation to liberation in feminist post-modern literary criticism. The main argument in this paper is that insanity is utilized as a tool directed towards liberation from male authority and oppression towards women; hence, the need arises to replace the recurrent term 'madness' in The Story of Zahra by Hanan Al-Shaykh with 'mental rebellion against male control and oppression'. https://ijels.com/detail/hanan-al-shaykh-s-the-story-of-zahra-a-post-modern-feminist-literary-criticism-of-liberation-through-madness/ Dr. Reem Atiyat https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/4 IJELS-DEC-2017-11-HananAl-ShaykhstheStory.pdf There is no question that Graham Greene's The Heart of the Matter is a work that tackles religious faith views. Through the principal character, Major Scobie, Greene tries to show his own concept of true faith. Major Scobie, the police commissioner is put in the divine-earthly balance equation and is left alone to lead up his way. This paper is an attempt to piece together Graham Greene's ideas around the truth of faith. The strategy adopted in the paper is to follow Major Scobie's words and actions and to put them in the scale of Christian dogma to weigh their truth. At last, the paper presents the results it attained in the conclusion. It concludes that there is a deal of hypocrisy or self-deception built in the principal character, Major Scobie that extends from the beginning to the end of the novel that affects the truth of faith. https://ijels.com/detail/the-heart-of-faith-in-graham-greene-s-the-heart-of-the-matter/ Ali Hamada https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/5 IJELS-JUL-2017-32-The Heart of Faith in Graham.pdf Modernism came to exercise an influence in Bangladesh's poets in the way it once did with Baudelaire and Eliot. For these western poets, the romantic notion was replaced with desperation and despondency and loneliness of modern minds. JibanadaDas, Budda Dev Bose, shudindranath Dutt, Amiochacrabarti, and Bishnudey, all of them being the professors of English Literature, successfully incorporated Western Modernist outlook with a view to shaking off Tagore’s romantic perception.They were much influenced by French imagist and symbolist movement, French surrealist poets, Garman expressionist poets and other modernists. Sometimes they incorporates Eatsian ideology, sometimes they followed Eliotic view, and sometimes they followed Marxist Theory or Freudian psychoanalysis. Though, these modernist poets take on different styles and ways to reveal the alienation, hypocrisy and anxiety of modern man, they perceive the fact that to reflect the post-war modern world, there is no alternative of discarding romantic notion about life. This paper will shed light on three poets, Jibananda Das, AmioCakrabarti, and BishnuDey and the Western Modernist philosophy that has molded their poetic career. https://ijels.com/detail/western-influences-on-the-three-bengali-poets-of-the-30s/ Sultana Jahan https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/6 IJELS-FEB-2018-17-Western Influences on the three.pdf Literature as a form of art captures life in all its varied forms and shapes. It reflects society and serves as a corrective mirror where people can look at themselves and find a reason to initiate a positive change. This study aims to thresh out the preponderance of oppression as a theme in the various facets of the novel through exposition of excerpts and surface out the corrective change manifested by the characters as written. The novel of Azucena Grajo Uranza entitled “Bamboo in the Wind” depicting a socio-political story anchored in Philippine history during the Marcosian era, was analyzed using the sociological and philosophical approach to literary criticism. Findings show that different forms of oppression were experienced by the characters in the novel. These include exploitation, marginalization, powerlessness, and violence. These realities happened amidst the backdrop of martial law in the Marcosian era. The author was able to emulate the transformation of human consciousness of character and made apparent two significant learnings in man’s experience, that of human dignification and being a man for others. The novel captures socio-political accounts that give life to history and is indeed a national treasure where Filipinos in contemporary times and people of various cultures may derive insights for human transformational learning. https://ijels.com/detail/oppression-amidst-socio-political-tapestry-of-azucena-grajo-uranza-s-bamboo-in-the-wind/ Matilda H. Dimaano https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/7 IJELS-MAR-2018-1-Oppression amidst Socio-political.pdf This study aims to find out the impact of organizational culture, conflict management, and procedural justice towards normative commitment of human resources in STAKPN Tarutung. The population of this research is all the staffs and lecturers around the campus with the total number in 154, and the sample is 110 by using proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Data gathering is using questionnaire in the form of Likert-scale, and following by data analysis by using path-analysis.The research result proving that : (1) organizational culture is positively and significantly impacting towards the normative commitment. (2) conflict management is positively and significantly impacting towards the normative commitment. (3) procedural juctice is positively and significantly impacting towards the normative commitment. Hence, it is concluded that the stronger the organizational culture , the more effective conflict management, the higher procedural justice, then the higher will be the normative commitment of the human resources at STAKPN Tarutung, North Sumatera Indonesia. Practically, the result of this research can be implicated in improving the normative commitment of the human resource, it is suggestable to strengthen the organizational culture, to enhance the effevtiveness of conflict management, and empowering procedural justice. https://ijels.com/detail/the-impact-of-organizational-culture-conflict-management-and-procedural-justice-towards-normative-commitment-of-human-resource-at-stakpn-tarutung/ Betty Arli Sonti Pakpahan https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/8 IJELS-MAR-2018-7-The Impact of Organizational Culture.pdf H. H. Munro (1870-1916) is one of the most outstanding English writers who wrote with a pseudonym of Saki, impressed by Omar Khayyam. As a distinguished writer of the Edwardian period, Saki applied certain stylistic peculiarities in his works. Many of his stories include twisting endings, blend of humorous situations with tragic events, shocking characters, violent acts, animal imagery, satire, cruelty and ironical symbols that hinder Saki’s messages as a writer. This study aims at analyzing Munro’s three famous short stories, ‘The Open Window’, ‘Sredni Vashtar’ and ‘The Story-Teller’, to conclude that symbols are ironically used to shock the reader while presenting the messages of the writer. https://ijels.com/detail/ironical-symbols-in-saki-s-stories/ Senem Ãœstün Kaya https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/9 IJELS-FEB-2018-16-Ironical Symbols in.pdf This research was to obtain the answer of the question whether or not the collaborative learning are effective used in teaching speaking at senior high school, and how to improve speaking in tenth grade students of SMA SWASTA HKBP 1 TARUTUNG. The writer used action research as methodology. Action research provides teachers with an opportunity to apply the findings of research to their own situations and to adapt theory to practice. The writer, the English teacher and collaborator teacher make a collaboration work since preparation phase, planning, action, observation, reflection until the preplanning phase. They did the effort to improve students’ Speaking using the collaborative learning. The data were collected through observation, questionnaire and documentation. The subject of this study was one class in tenth grade of SMA SWASTA HKBP 1 TARUTUNG. There are 25 students that participated in this study. The problem was found in pre-test, some of students there still have difficulties in speaking. So, cycle II had to use to get the improvement in process and result. In cycle II, all students feel enjoy and happy, it means that they have an improving of their speaking. The condition of the class is more dynamic and the function of the students as the subject of the teaching and learning process can be done well. Collaborative learning also makes a passive student to become more active and give them the chance to be communicative with the material and their friends. By using a collaborative learning the students can share their understanding and knowledge with their friend, so that the difficulty in handling a material can be solved. The students also feel more motivated in learning using a collaborative learning rather than learn a material individually. https://ijels.com/detail/improving-students-motivation-in-speaking-through-collaborative-learning/ Tanggapan C Tampubolon. https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/10 IJELS-MAR-2018-10-Improving Students’ Motivation.pdf The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of reward, physical environment and motivation to work toward effective implementation of Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi at Private University in Medan. The research applied an inferential quantitative approach, with a method of causal study with path analysis. Data was gathered from 70 respondents which selected by using simple random sampling. The findings of the research are: 1) There is a positive effect of reward toward the effective implementation of Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. 2) There is a positive effect of physical environment toward the effective implementation of Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi, 3) There is a positive effect of work motivation toward the effective implementation of Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi, 4) There is a positive effect of reward toward the work motivation, 5) There is a positive effect of physical environment toward the work motivation. The result of the research shows that reward, physical environment and work motivation are able to improve the effective implementation of Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. https://ijels.com/detail/the-effect-of-reward-physical-environment-and-work-motivation-toward-effective-implementation-of-tri-dharma-perguruan-tinggi-a-causal-study-of-fkip-lecturers-at-private-university-in-medan/ Lustani Samosir https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/11 IJELS-MAR-2018-11-The Effect of Reward, Physical Environment.pdf Teaching English for specific purposes (ESP) has always been an issue of concern in the field of English as a foreign language (EFL). Due to the increasing demands on ESP classes, especially in higher education, teachers of English for general purposes (EGP) have taken more of an interest in teaching ESP these days; nevertheless, many of them find it an uphill to teach such classes owing to the specificities of the discipline and the special teaching qualities it requires. This paper aims at highlighting some of the issues related to teaching ESP, basically the role of ESP practitioners as business English (BE) teachers. To achieve such a goals, the paper starts with some basic concepts of ESP, discusses BE as a branch of the ESP tree, and sheds light on the fundamental role of needs analysis (NA) in ESP and BE classes. Finally, the article concludes with highlighting the roles the ESP practitioners, particularly BE teachers, are to carry out to ensure a conducive environment for successful ESP classes, especially in a business context. https://ijels.com/detail/the-role-of-the-esp-practitioner-as-business-english-teacher/ Mounir Chibi https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/12 IJELS-MAR-2018-8-The Role of the ESP Practitioner.pdf The teaching/learning of Business English (BE) is so daunting a task that practitioners shy away from it and learners avert it altogether unless they have to. Understanding students’ needs is sure to change this perception and win students over. What better way to prompt students than by feeding teachers on what it takes for a business needs’ analysis to yield the much desired results. This essay is two-fold in perspective being partitioned along two touchstones, oral and written communication, each of which is important. https://ijels.com/detail/on-diagnosing-business-communication-needs/ Mounir Chibi, Jamal Akabli https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/13 IJELS-MAR-2018-15-On Diagnosing Business.pdf According to natural policy for the empowerment of Muslim women in India 2001.It describes role of educator in Indian Muslim women, special measures to be taken to eliminate discrimination secondary and higher education should be most of the women are not aware of their rafters given by Islam the religion to which they belong. To inculcated awareness of their status. Security equality and the Constitution of the country to which they belong him India. Curricula to be developed at all levels of education system for the backward and schedule castes among the Indian Muslims. Socially and economically the Indian Muslim waver and backward. This is a major problem which should be sorted out with the government natural policy 2001 introduced for their up left menu. https://ijels.com/detail/a-case-study-of-empowerment-of-muslim-women-through-education-in-india/ Iftekhar Unissa https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/14 IJELS-MAR-2018-12-A Case study of Empowerment.pdf This paper examines metaphorical euphemisms of death appearing in Kenyan newspaper using the theoretical framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory as initiated by Lakoff and Johnson (1980). Obituaries are used to publicly announce death, giving details that can be used to identify the deceased. Thus, a cognitive approach enables us to demonstrate the mitigating capacity of metaphors used as a power fulsource for euphemistic reference. Specifically, this paper investigates metaphorical expressions for death found in Kenyan obituaries, and to which conceptual mappings do these expressions belong and the cognitive processes underlying death euphemisms. Drawing on a corpus of 100 randomly death obituaries collected from the Daily Nation, and the Standard newspaper, the study found that metaphors are used as a euphemistic device for speaking about this fear-based taboo and conceptual mappings of Death in Kenyan obituaries are to some extent culture-Specific. The study found that the social cultural perceptions that the society has towards death greatly influence the language used in the writing of obituaries. https://ijels.com/detail/a-cognitive-analysis-of-meta-phorical-euphemisms-of-death-in-kenyan-newspaper-obtuaries/ Dr. Anashia Nancy Ong’onda https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/15 IJELS-MAR-2018-20-A Cognitive.pdf The teaching of a second language, especially English, seems to be on the raise given the importance of today´s globalized world. This article, an empirical study, was carried out through a survey with close-ended questions and text development, applied to two Chilean schools. The aim of the investigation was to recognize the fragmentation that occurs in the learners’ process of acquiring English language, by measuring the use of words and integration of vocabulary, writing and the use of idioms. Theoretically it is assumed that postmodernism is a reality in today´s society, with its characteristics of individualism, fragmentation and atomization of knowledge. The results showed that among those surveyed, there is a lack of developed and applied vocabulary, as well as deficiencies in the idiomatic development, as a result of the atomization and fragmentation of knowledge. https://ijels.com/detail/the-characteristic-of-postmodernism-fragmentation-and-its-impact-on-the-process-of-english-language-learning-a-case-study/ Andrew Philominraj, Juan Galleguillos, Andrea Fuentealba, Bruno Ramírez Muñoz https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/16 IJELS-MAR-2018-21-The Characteristic.pdf The Philippines began a senior high school (K-12) curriculum in 2016 with the purpose of developing entrepreneurial students who are holistically developed, equipped with 21st-century skills, and prepared for the future. This study assessed the Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) students’ entrepreneurial intentions, its influencing factors, motivators, and obstacles. The quantitative-descriptive research technique was utilized in this study. This study surveyed total of 89 senior high school students (comprising of 37 Grade 11 students and 52 Grade 12 students) of Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) Strand from private schools in Nueva Ecija. This study assessed the ABM students’ entrepreneurial intentions, its influencing factors, motivators, and obstacles. It was then concluded that (1) rather than working as an employee in a corporation, student – respondents want to start their own business and be their own boss; and the course they attended had an effect on their self-efficacy in making professional selections; (2) they looked up to their family for advice on how to become an entrepreneur one day, which could be because their family has a business experience; (3) motivation factors show that student – respondent do not dwell on focusing personal gaining of status they will achieve then they become entrepreneurs as they are motivated to give support for potential entrepreneurs, use their creative talent, and take risk; and (4) to establish a business, one needs have sufficient savings to employ as capital, as well as entrepreneurial skills. It is also crucial to have the right mindset while starting a business because there are dangers and uncertainties to consider. https://ijels.com/detail/entrepreneurial-intention-of-accountancy-business-and-management-abm-students-in-nueva-ecija-philippines/ Kim Edward S. Santos https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/17IJELS-10220227-Entrepreneurial.pdf The first glimpse at the scene of the "oak tree" at the beginning of Part 3, of Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" strongly reminded me of Philip Larkin's poem "The Trees".On first reflection, the two authors are held in the highest esteemby critics, biographers and generations of readers. Examining all available relevant sources, it has become obvious that this alleged imitation has completelyescaped researchers' notice . Also, our initial survey have shown that a plethora of research hasbeen conducted on Tolstoy's " War and Peace". To mention just a few studies: Trepanier (2011). Romney (2011), Bell (2002), Bencivenga (2006), Schwarz (2014), and a relatively fewer scholarly enquiries have been carried out on Larkin's "The Trees". Among them are: Ibrahim (2013), Upadhyay(2017), Banerjee (2008) , however, as yet, no attempt, to the extent of our knowledge, has been made to bring the two texts together by way of comparison and /or contrast. https://ijels.com/detail/when-truth-voices-the-same-text-through-more-than-one-author-a-comparative-study-of-tolstoy-s-oak-scene-and-larkin-s-the-trees/ Dr. Khalid M. Hussein https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/18 IJELS-APR-2018-4-When Truth.pdf This study draws on a survey to investigate the non-economic factors underlying economic growth. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of non-economic factors on economic growth in Kurdistan region of Iraq. An empirical quantitative technique utilized to analyze the present research. The sample size was 71 forms were collected that were accomplished accurately. The findings of the questionnaire provide empirical support to a number of significant research hypotheses, contributing in this way to existing literature. However, the findings revealed that the highest preventing corruption or establishing an effective anti-corruption will have a significant and positive impact on economic growth. https://ijels.com/detail/factors-influencing-economic-growth-in-developing-countries/ Mohammed Ali Saleem Alozairi https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/20 IJELS-APR-2018-13-Repetitions.pdf This article attempts to analyse and comment upon one of the most notable stylistic features of Henry James’s novels, i. e. the repetition. It is analysed in more detail on four levels: lexical level, grammatical level, level of context and cohesion, and phonological level. It briefly tries to explain how the use of different types of repetitions affect the reader. The analysis is based on three novels: The Portrait of a Lady, The American and The Wings of the Dove. https://ijels.com/detail/repetitions-in-henry-james-s-novels/ Andreja Radetič https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/20 IJELS-APR-2018-13-Repetitions.pdf The aims of the study is to find out the effect of civilization education towards students attitude democracy sector of humbang hasundutan (a case study of Tenth Grade SMA Negeri Doloksanggul). This is accordance with data obtained and collected from the Indonesian teenagers Protection Commission (KPAI) in 2010 there were 102 cases. In 2011, 96 cases. Meanwhile, since January to August 2015 cases of student brawl have occurred about 103 times. The research method used in this research is explorative survey research method, namely the explanation of the research using questionnaires shown to the respondents. This research conducted in the students tenth grade of SMA Negeri in Doloksanggul City. The population of this study 1660 Senior High School students in Doloksanggul. While the sample there are at least 322 high school students. Questionnaires were distributed 850, while the questionnaire about 700 questionnaires. Based on the data shows that Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn) as a variable X has a positive impact. Each indicator of variable X is the intelligence of citizens X1 (intelligence citizenship) has a moderate effect of 0.5969. Responsibility of Residents X2 (civil responsibility) has a strong effect of 0.8354. While the X3 indicator of citizen participation (community participation) has influence of 0.6867 with strong category. Civil intelligence or X1, civil responsibility or X2, community participation or X3 positively influence the democratic attitude (Y) of Senior high school students of Doloksanggul . it can be seen from the p-values of the three variables X1, X2 and X3 respectively 0.001; 0,000; 0.001 less than = 5%. https://ijels.com/detail/the-effect-of-civilization-education-towards-students-attitude-democracy-sector-of-humbang-hasundutan-a-case-study-of-tenth-grade-sma-negeri-doloksanggul/ Dra. Ida Lamtumiur Pasaribu, Melina S. Si. https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/21 IJELS-APR-2018-17-The Effect.pdf The motivation behind this research was how feminist elements have been reflected in works of Indian women writers like Anita Desai, Githa Hariharan, Meena Alexander etc. The present research work is a critical study of Githa Hariharan In Times of Siege from the perspective of feminism and the study aims to project and interpret the experiences of protagonist, from the point of feminine consciousness and sensibility. The objective of this research is to explore the rejection of patriarchal ideology and male-dominated culture in Githa Hariharan’s novel. The research will examine her progressive ideas on women autonomy through education and self-employment. The result will be formulated on the basis of marginalization and inferiority of females, neglection of women in patriarchal society and gender disparity and longings of women in androcentric setup. https://ijels.com/detail/freedom-and-individuality-in-githa-hariharan-in-times-of-siege/ Aayushi Sharma https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/22-IJELS-APR-2018-19-Freedom.pdf The New Order regime opened the opportunity for the community to participate in democratic activities. This is also felt by ethnic Dayaks who have experienced marginalization in the opportunity to take office in the region. Ethnic awareness driven by the desire of Dayak ethnic community due to termarginalisasi supported also by Law Number 32 Year 2004 on Regional Government. Dayak ethnicists are working hard to enter the government. One of them is through mass mobilization using ethnicity issue in Pilkada. In this research, the theory used is the theory of R. Paul Brass about ethnicity. The main argument is that marginalization will result in ethnic consciousness. Furthermore, ethnicity alone is not sufficient to explain the success of mobilization, thus requiring strong institutions to be more effective in the process of mobilizing with ethnicity as an instrument. The result of this research is true that in Dayak ethnic builds strong mobilization by mobilizing the established social organization as an amplifier of mobilization instrument in Election of West Kalimantan 2007. https://ijels.com/detail/ethnicity-issues-as-a-political-mobilization-instrument-of-cornelis-mh-in-2007-west-kalimantan-direct-elections/ Khuswatun Hasanah https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/23-IJELS-APR-2018-27-Ethnicity Issues.pdf This study aims to determine The Relationship Listening Intensively Toward Ability to Write News Content by Student Eighth Grade of SMP Negeri 1 Atap Tampahan in Academic Year 2017/2018.The Population of this Study were the Student Eighth Grade of SMP Negeri 1Atap Tampahan in Academic Year 2017/2018.A Population of Students 101 and samples taken 50% which 50 students.the writer use random sampling to determine the sample. The Result of data analysis show that rxy = 0,32300 rxy > rtable. The result moment at significant level 5% = 0, 2732. Means that the relationship intensively listening ability variables with the ability to write news content by students has a significant correlation. The result of data analysis shows that the intensively listening ability obtained with an average value = 84.82 standard deviation = 5.74. Namely, very good category, 26 students (52%), who have score in both categories as 23 students (46%) and students who have values in the well category 1 student (2%). None of the students have score in lower categories. While the ability to write news content obtained value with an average = 79.9 standard deviation = 7.9681. 19. Students (38%), who have good category and 28 students (56%) who have value in well category,3 student (6%) who have value in enough category. None of the students have lower score and less good categories. Based in normality test and homogeneity test obtained normal distribution data. From the calculations show it can be known rcaunt > rtablel = 0.32300> 0.2732. Thus, Ho (null hypothesis) is rejected and Ha (alternative hypothesis) is accepted. It can be concluded that The Relationship Listening Intensively Toward Ability to Write News Content by Student Eighth Grade of SMP Negeri 1 Atap Tampahan in Academic Year 2017/2018. has a significant correlation. https://ijels.com/detail/the-relationship-listening-intensively-toward-ability-to-write-news-content-by-student-eighth-grade-of-smp-negeri-1-atap-tampahan-in-academic-year-2017-2018/ Mariatih Saragih., Erlinawati Situmorang. https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/24-IJELS-APR-2018-22-The Relationship.pdf Slogans are noteworthy linguistic tools by which people (and particularly politicians) can perform different social and political functions. One main function is associated with their ability to persuade others to take an action or do something in accordance with the messages they intend to convey. Particularly, politicians utilize election campaign slogans to persuade their audience with their views, programs and agendas. Thus, this paper aims to investigate the speech act of persuasion in forty Modern British and Iraqi Parliamentary Election Campaign Slogans. Based on Searle’s (1969, 1975, and 1976),the felicity conditions of persuasion have been derived and applied to the chosen data. The study concludes that persuasion act can be indirectly attained through various syntactic structures, especially declarative, active and simple sentences. Furthermore, non-linguistic elements contribute to the persuasive mission of election slogans. Both English and Arabic languages employ almost the same fabric of slogans to deliver influential messages. https://ijels.com/detail/pragmatic-analysis-of-persuasion-in-modern-british-and-iraqi-parliamentary-election-slogans/ Abbas Lutfi Hussein, Risala Gatea Abttan https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/25 IJELS-APR-2018-1-Pragmatic.pdf Having a medical prescription and agreeing to pay for medications prescribed by the doctor in an official pharmacy is a process with many obstacles. While the existing documentation on the issue to identify barriers such as the level of financial endowment of the user, and the representation that the user makes of the prescription, but it has rarely led to the actual practices of cashiers pharmacy away from social norms. This practice coming from the pharmacy cashiers and criticized by the users must not remain free of all suspicions since it can condition or motivate the use and the effective attendance of the pharmacies. And yet, despite its impact on the promotion of public health in Africa, this angle attracts less attention from researchers and specialists in the field, either because it is too trivial, because it is a well-established tradition, or because that this angle remains unsuspected in the construction of the protocol of investigation or research. Consequently, there is a hardening of the relationship between users and pharmacy cashiers. This explains in part the mass orientation of users including those with a low level of education towards street drugs. In addition, the relationship between users and pharmacy cashiers remains sub-standard in certain pharmacies while it is good in other pharmacies in the same geographical area. It is this "neglected" or "dead" angle that varies from one pharmacy to another and deconstructs the medical and/or commercial relationship between users and pharmacy cashiers that this article attempts to question. to enrich the debate on the issue of access to health care. To achieve this, the study is based on a field survey as part of a qualitative approach based on rooted theory or grounded theory. https://ijels.com/detail/user-pharmacy-cashier-relations-perceptions-mobilized-by-medical-prescription-holders-around-pharmacy-cashiers-in-the-abidjan-district-c-te-d-ivoire/ Fofana Memon, Traore Kassoum https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/26 IJELS-APR-2018-21-Relations.pdf The development of critical thinking in the context of the social sciences, has its bases in Europe, today it is known as critical theory, is an important reference, not only for Europe but for the social sciences in the world. In that act came from Latin America some intellectuals who are now leaders in the development of critical thinking. Therefore the goal is visible from the daily life of the plateau critical thinking, where the academy has decontextualized and disconnected from reality but the Quechua and Aymara people in the historical process known face and embody the great social problems facing peoples, despite limitations and stigmatization they have developed daring thoughts of hope against the social and environmental collapse, which some would call it common thoughts. Faced with these ways of dealing with the crisis, conservative thought, has not yet been cataloged or give a nomenclature from sociology, anthropology, education, philosophy, political science, economics, etc., because their roots, theoretical and methodological are anchored in Europe, North America and Asia, which confirm and universities legitimizing these recipes. This does not mean rejecting Western European knowledge but is to debate how is that even other forms of thought and action are recreated from the Andes. Despite adversity it must be retaken for the decolonization of knowledge and bet on respect for human dignity. https://ijels.com/detail/the-presence-of-critical-thinking-in-the-altiplano-peruvian/ Vicente Alanoca Arocutipa https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/27 IJELS-JAN-2018-9-The presence.pdf Diasporic literature refers to texts which record the geographical and cultural displacement of individuals or communities to a new location. Sense of loss, identity crisis, hybridity and memories of home and nation are some of the common themes examined by the diasporic writers. The characters are often struggling to negotiate between the two cultures- old and new. The memories of the lost nation or homeland are often recaptured in certain images and objects which recreate the imagined past from memories of immigrant characters. Through their supple and cultivated imagination, these writers draw on different cultures simultaneously, bringing together the two distinct physical and emotional landscapes together. Agha Shahid Ali, the renowned Kashmiri-American poet is one such famous writers among Bharti Mukherjee, Jhumpa Lahiri, Rohinton Mistry, Salman Rushdie, Meena Alexander, Sujata Bhatt and Sunetra Gupta, to name a few. His collection of poems The Veiled Suite takes across the themes of mourning and loss, rendering an entirely afresh legacy to the American poetic lexis. A deep sense of nostalgia pervades through his works, tinged with themes of exile and lost history. He emerges as a cartographer, mapping the ‘imagined homelands’ and lost ‘nation’. This paper is an attempt to trace the themes of ‘dislocation’ and ‘memo-realization’ under diasporic concerns, in the select poems of Agha Shahid Ali from The Veiled Suite. https://ijels.com/detail/poetics-of-remembrance-and-loss-a-study-of-agha-shahid-ali-s-poems/ Dr Sucharita Sharma https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/28 IJELS-APR-2018-18-Poetics.pdf Women make up half of the world’s population. Their role in society is important. However, their basic rights are being denied. Domestic violence, economic and educational discrimination, social injustice continues to create many social inequalities. Therefore, they need to be strong. In India SHGs have become an important movement. The Self-Help Group (SHG) movement in India is working in a right way in empowering women and reducing poverty in the rural and urban areas. Many women mainly in rural India are involved in SHG movement and are trying to improve their livelihood. This article attempts to understand women empowerment, its dimensions, the concept of self help groups and their role in women empowerment. https://ijels.com/detail/impact-of-self-help-group-on-women-empowerment-in-india/ Jayeeta Saha https://ijels.com/upload_document/issue_files/29 IJELS-MAR-2018-22-Impact.pdf